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struts2（2）

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搭建struts2环境

struts.xml配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
	
<struts>
<package name="struts_test" namespace="/test" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success">/aaa.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>
</struts>

web.xml配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  
  <display-name>struts</display-name>
  <filter>
  		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> <!-- ctrl+shift+t 搜索 strutspre 即可查询到，赋值即可 --> 
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

TestAction.java配置

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package me.yanrs.server;
public class TestAction {
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(1111);
		return "success";
	}
}

Struts2访问Servlet API

通过ActionContext【重点】

生命周期：每次请求都会创建一个与请求对应的ActionContext对象。请求处理完毕后，ActionContext销毁。
如何获得ActionContext：在Struts2中，会将ActionContext与当前线程绑定，只需从ThreadLocal获取即可。

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;
import java.util.Map;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;

public class TestAction {
	public String struts_test(){
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Session域   ———— map
		Map<String, Object> session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
		session.put("session_test", "session_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Application域    ———— map
		Map<String, Object> application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
		application.put("application_test", "application_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Request域 [Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域，所以获取方式有所不同] ———— map
		Map<String, Object> request = (Map<String, Object>)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
		
		// Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域,推荐使用
		ActionContext.getContext().put("actioncontext", "actioncontext");
		
		return "success";
	}
}

aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>aaa</h1>
	session_test: ${session_test}
	application_test: ${application_test}
	actioncontext: ${actioncontext}
</body>
</html>

通过ServletActionContext

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package me.yanrs.server;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;

public class TestAction {
	public String struts_test(){
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Session域   ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
		//session.put("session_test", "session_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Application域    ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
		//application.put("application_test", "application_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Request域 [Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域，所以获取方式有所不同] ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> request = (Map<String, Object>)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
		
		// Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域,推荐使用
		//ActionContext.getContext().put("actioncontext", "actioncontext");
		
		//第二种方式，使用ServletActionContext
		//获取原生request
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		//获取原生session
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		
		//获取原生response
		HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
		
		//获取原生servletContext
		ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
		
		return "success";
	}
}

通过实现ServletRequestAware接口

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package me.yanrs.server;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;


public class TestAction implements ServletRequestAware{
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	public String struts_test(){
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Session域   ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> session = ActionContext.getContext().getSession();
		//session.put("session_test", "session_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Application域    ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> application = ActionContext.getContext().getApplication();
		//application.put("application_test", "application_test");
		
		// 通过ActionContext获得Request域 [Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域，所以获取方式有所不同] ———— map
		//Map<String, Object> request = (Map<String, Object>)ActionContext.getContext().get("request");
		
		// Struts2并不推荐使用原生的Request域,推荐使用
		//ActionContext.getContext().put("actioncontext", "actioncontext");
		
		//第二种方式，使用ServletActionContext
		//获取原生request
		//HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		
		//获取原生session
		//HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		
		//获取原生response
		//HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();
		
		//获取原生servletContext
		//ServletContext servletContext = ServletActionContext.getServletContext();
		
		return "success";
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		this.request = request;
	}
}

Struts2中的结果结果跳转方式

转发

地址栏不会发生改变
struts.xml配置

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<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success" type="dispatcher">/aaa.jsp</result>
</action>

重定向

地址栏会发生改变，属于页面的重定向，所以页面地址会变为….aaa.jsp
struts.xml配置

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<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success" type="redirect">/aaa.jsp</result>
</action>

转发到Action

地址栏不会发生改变
struts.xml配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
	
<struts>
<package name="struts_test2" namespace="/test2" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction2" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction2" method="struts_test2">
		<result name="success">/aaa.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>

<package name="struts_test" namespace="/test" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success" type="chain">
			<param name="actionName">TestAction2</param>
			<param name="namespace">/test2</param>
		</result>
	</action>
</package>
</struts>

TestAction2.java配置

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package me.yanrs.server;

public class TestAction2 {
	public String struts_test2(){
		System.out.println("TestAction2");
		return "success";
	}
}

重定向到Action

地址栏会发生改变，属于Action的重定向，地址会变为重定向的那个【http://localhost:8080/struts2_02/test2/TestAction2.action】
struts.xml配置

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
	
<struts>
<package name="struts_test2" namespace="/test2" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction2" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction2" method="struts_test2">
		<result name="success">/aaa.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>

<package name="struts_test" namespace="/test" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success" type="redirectAction">
			<param name="actionName">TestAction2</param>
			<param name="namespace">/test2</param>
		</result>
	</action>
</package>
</struts>

TestAction2.java配置

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package me.yanrs.server;

public class TestAction2 {
	public String struts_test2(){
		System.out.println("TestAction2");
		return "success";
	}
}

获取参数

Action的生命周期

每个请求到来的时候，都会创建一个新的Action实例。Action是线程安全的，可以使用成员变量来接收参数。

属性驱动

表单字段名称即为属性的名称，属性需要创建对应的get和set方法
aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/test/TestAction">
		姓名: <input type="text" name="name">
		年龄: <input type="text" name="age">
		生日: <input type="text" name="birthday">
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;

public class TestAction{
	
	private String name;
	private String age;
	private String birthday;
	
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(name);
	    System.out.println(age);
	    System.out.println(birthday);
		return "success";
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(String age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getBirthday() {
		return birthday;
	}

	public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
		this.birthday = birthday;
	}
	
}

struts.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
	
<struts>
<package name="struts_test2" namespace="/test2" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction2" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction2" method="struts_test2">
		<result name="success">/aaa.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>

<package name="struts_test" namespace="/test" extends="struts-default">
	<action name="TestAction" class="me.yanrs.server.TestAction" method="struts_test">
		<result name="success">/aaa.jsp</result>
	</action>
</package>
</struts>

对象驱动

表单字段名称为对象名称.属性，对象需要创建对应的get和set方法
aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/test/TestAction">
		姓名: <input type="text" name="user.name">
		年龄: <input type="text" name="user.age">
		生日: <input type="text" name="user.birthday">
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;

import me.yanrs.dao.User;

public class TestAction{
	
	private User user;
	
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(user);
		return "success";
	}

	public User getUser() {
		return user;
	}

	public void setUser(User user) {
		this.user = user;
	}
	
}

struts.xml

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模型驱动

继承 ModelDriven 传入对象，复写getModel方法，并且返回对象
aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/test/TestAction">
		姓名: <input type="text" name="name">
		年龄: <input type="text" name="age">
		生日: <input type="text" name="birthday">
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import me.yanrs.dao.User;

//  实现接口，参数为对象
public class TestAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
	//准备user成员变量
	private User user = new User();
	
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(user);
		return "success";
	}
	
	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		// 返回对象
		return user;
	}
	
}

struts.xml

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集合类型的参数

list

aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/test/TestAction">
		list: <input type="text" name="list">
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
	
</body>
</html>

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;

import java.util.List;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;

import me.yanrs.dao.User;

public class TestAction {
	
	private List<String> list;
	
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(list);
		return "success";
	}

	public List<String> getList() {
		return list;
	}

	public void setList(List<String> list) {
		this.list = list;
	}
	
}

struts.xml

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map

aaa.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/test/TestAction">
		map: <input type="text" name="map['key']">
		<input type="submit" value="提交">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

TestAction.java

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package me.yanrs.server;

import java.util.Map;

public class TestAction {
	
	private Map<String, String> map;
	
	public String struts_test(){
		System.out.println(map);
		return "success";
	}

	public Map<String, String> getMap() {
		return map;
	}

	public void setMap(Map<String, String> map) {
		this.map = map;
	}
}

struts.xml
`
同上